The AI Interview - Master AI/ML Interviews

Design and implement a production-ready agent system:

Architecture Components:

Orchestrator: Central task dispatch
Memory: Tiered storage (STM/LTM/Vector)
Tool Registry: Sandboxed execution
Safety: Multi-layer guardrails
Observability: Metrics, logging, tracing

Requirements:

initialize_components(): Set up all subsystems
execute_task(task, context): Full execution pipeline
- Generate trace_id
- Run safety checks
- Execute with observability
- Return result + metrics
health_check(): Verify all components healthy
graceful_shutdown(): Clean resource cleanup

Production Considerations:

Circuit breakers on external calls
Token budget enforcement
Rate limiting
Error recovery
Audit logging

Examples

Example 1:

Input:

config = {'max_tokens': 1000, 'timeout': 30}; system = ProductionAgentSystem(config); system.initialize_components(); 'orchestrator' in system.components

Output: True

Explanation: System initialized with orchestrator component

Starter Code

class ProductionAgentSystem:
    """
    Design a production-ready agent system with all components.
    This is a system design implementation.
    """
    
    def __init__(self, config):
        self.config = config
        self.components = {}
        self.health_status = {}
    
    def initialize_components(self):
        """
        Initialize all system components:
        - Agent orchestrator
        - Memory systems (short/long-term)
        - Tool registry with sandboxing
        - Safety guardrails
        - Observability
        """
        # Your implementation here
        pass
    
    def execute_task(self, task, context=None):
        """
        Execute task with full observability and safety.
        Returns {'result': ..., 'trace_id': ..., 'metrics': ...}
        """
        # Your implementation here
        pass
    
    def health_check(self):
        """Check health of all components"""
        # Your implementation here
        pass
    
    def graceful_shutdown(self):
        """Gracefully shutdown all components"""
        # Your implementation here
        pass

Design Production-Ready Agent System

Examples

Starter Code